![]() Carbohydrates with a low glycemic index increase plasma glucose levels slowly, resulting in lower postprandial insulin levels and less hunger, which probably makes consumption of excess calories less likely. It is hypothesized that as a result, insulin levels increase, inducing hypoglycemia and hunger, which tends to lead to consumption of excess calories and weight gain. MacronutrientsĬarbohydrates with a high glycemic index may increase plasma glucose to high levels rapidly. Also, the balance of various types of nutrients, such as how much unsaturated versus saturated fat is consumed, can influence the development of disorders. read more and related disorders excess intake of micronutrients can be toxic. Complications include cardiovascular disorders (particularly in people with excess abdominal fat). ![]() Excess intake of macronutrients can lead to obesity Obesity Obesity is excess body weight, defined as a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 30 kg/m 2. Clinical manifestations include the three Ds: localized pigmented rash (dermatitis). read more, which can lead to deficiency syndromes (eg, kwashiorkor Primary PEU, pellagra Niacin Deficiency Dietary niacin deficiency (causing pellagra) is uncommon in countries with low rates of food insecurity. (Malnutrition also includes overnutrition.) Undernutrition can result from inadequate ingestion of nutrients, malabsorption, impaired metabolism, loss. Lack of nutrients can result in undernutrition Overview of Undernutrition Undernutrition is a form of malnutrition.
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